Mirror monitor using two levels of reflectivity and transmissibility

ABSTRACT

A rear-view mirror and modular monitor system and method include an interior mirror that embeds a modular monitor behind see-through mirror glass. In some embodiments, the system includes multiple cameras, some in the vehicle, bus and/or truck, as well as some cameras outside the vehicle, bus and/or truck, advantageously providing the driver an opportunity to view what is happening, for example, in the back rows of the bus and/or cabin, while also using the mirror to look at objects in the bus and/or cabin that are visible using the mirror. The rear-view mirror and modular monitor system is configured to be easily assembled and/or disassembled when necessary for maintenance and/or to replace parts.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. application Ser. No.15/591,963, filed May 10, 2017, which claims priority to U.S.application Ser. No. 15/488,184, filed Apr. 14, 2017, which claimspriority to U.S. application Ser. No. 14/969,260, filed Dec. 15, 2015,now U.S. Pat. No. 9,623,802, which claims priority to U.S. applicationSer. No. 14/480,887, filed Sep. 9, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,215,429,which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/881,712,filed Sep. 24, 2013, the contents all of which are each herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety. This application is relatedto U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/664,419, filed Oct. 31, 2012, nowU.S. Pat. No. 9,319,639, which claims priority to U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 61/553,532, filed Oct. 31, 2011, the contents all ofwhich are each hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

RELATED FIELD

A vehicle monitoring system and methods of use are provided. In someembodiments, a rear-view mirror and modular monitor system for enhancedviewing by a vehicle operator of areas within and/or exterior to avehicle, and methods of using the system, are provided. In someembodiments, the rear-view mirror and modular monitor system isconfigured for use on a bus, school bus and/or public transit vehicle.

BACKGROUND

Existing vehicle monitoring systems capture still images and/or videoimages, and display the images on a monitor for the vehicle operator toview. For example, many large vehicles are equipped with a back-upcamera and a monitor to assist the vehicle operator in moving thevehicle in reverse. However, such monitors can be a cause of excessivedistraction for the vehicle operator, depending on their location.

In addition, many monitoring systems are installed such that, due to theconfiguration of the parts, and the method of installation, should anintegral part like the monitor malfunction, accessing, fixing and/orreplacing the integral part is often cumbersome and expensive.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, a rear-view mirror and modular monitor system is providedthat includes an interior mirror that in some embodiments embeds amodular monitor behind, for example, see-through mirror glass. In someembodiments, the system includes multiple cameras, some in the vehicle,bus, school bus, public transit vehicle and/or truck, as well as somecameras outside the vehicle, bus, school bus, public transit vehicleand/or truck, advantageously providing the driver, other individualand/or other vehicle passenger an opportunity to view what is happening,for example, in the back rows of the bus and/or cabin, while also usingthe mirror to look at objects in the bus and/or cabin that are visibleusing the mirror.

Embodiments of the rear-view mirror and modular monitor system enablethe maximizing of safe usage by automating when the modular monitor willdisplay images, and when the driver will have full view of the rear-viewmirror. For example, one type of automation is time based, wherein acertain intervals images are displayed (e.g., during hours when it isknown that children will be on-board a bus). Another type of automationis event-based, wherein an image may be displayed when the door ofvehicle is opened, when red flashers are activated, and/or when the stoparm is activated. Images from a rear-view camera may be displayed insome embodiments only when the vehicle is placed in reverse. In someembodiments, two or more of the above automated viewing features may beused in combination.

In some embodiments the system comprises manual input selection, for usein certain situations. For example, when a driver cannot see activityhappening behind high seat backs or otherwise outside the view of thedriver, even with a rear-view mirror, a driver may choose to view suchactivity without having to stop the vehicle or adjust the rear-viewmirror.

In some embodiments, audio may be provided to the vehicle operator incoordination with video being displayed. For example, a driver may havea need to hear audio from an area inside or outside the vehicle.Embodiments of the system therefore provide microphones at or nearlocations where cameras are capturing images, and the audio can beprovided to the driver along with the images, by way of a speaker,headset, or the like. Such microphones may be built in to the cameras,or stand-alone devices.

Additionally, in some embodiments, the rear-view mirror and modularmonitor system is configured to be easily assembled and/or disassembledwhen necessary. The rear-view mirror and modular monitor system isprovided wherein parts can be attached and/or detached and parts can bereplaced easily, as necessary.

In one exemplary embodiment, a rear-view mirror and modular monitorsystem enhances viewing for a vehicle operator of areas within and/orexterior to a vehicle. The system includes a rear-view mirror mountedforward of the vehicle operator and at a location unobstructed by thevehicle operator's forward field of view. The system includes a sectionof the rear-view mirror including a see-through mirror glass and/or adisplay aperture and a monitor module fastened to a rear side of therear-view mirror and aligned with the see-through mirror glass sectionand/or the display aperture. A first image capture device is mounted ata first location inside and/or outside the vehicle, and configured tocapture and transmit a first image that is displayable on the monitormodule. In some embodiments, when the first image is transmitted to anddisplayed on the monitor module, the first image is viewable through thesee-through mirror glass section and/or the display aperture.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a gasket disposedbetween the see-through mirror glass section and the monitor moduleconfigured to channel visible light emitted from a display on themonitor module through the see-through mirror glass section and/or thedisplay aperture of the rear-view mirror, while providing protection forthe display when the monitor module is fastened to the rear-view mirror.In some embodiments, the gasket is shaped so as to be proximatelyalignable with a perimeter of the display.

In some embodiments, the monitor module is configured to be removablefrom the rear-view mirror and reinsertable in the same rear-view mirrorand/or another rear-view mirror. In some embodiments, the system furtherincludes an image storage device configured for image storage.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a protective enclosureencasing the first image capture device and the image storage device andprotecting the first image capture device and the image storage devicefrom damage, tampering, and/or theft.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a connection devicetemporarily connecting the monitor module to the rear-view mirror andenabling the monitor module to be removed from and re-connected to orreplaced from at the rear-view mirror and/or another rear-view mirror.

In some embodiments, the first image is captured, transmitted, and/ordisplayed responsive to a manually selected view, an automaticallyselected view, and/or an event-triggered selected view.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a second image capturedevice mounted at a second location inside and/or outside the vehicle,and configured to capture and transmit a second image to the monitormodule. In some embodiments, the system further includes an input switchconnected to the first image capture device and the second image capturedevice, and configured to provide the first image and the second imageto the monitor module responsive to a manually selected view, anautomatically selected view, and/or an event-triggered selected view. Insome embodiments, the monitor module further includes two or morechannels configured to receive the first image and the second image. Themonitor module is further configured to display the first and secondimages either together in a multiple-feed configuration (mode) orindividually in a single-feed configuration (mode) responsive to theinput switch.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a first audio capturedevice mounted at a first location inside and/or outside the vehicle.The monitor module further includes a first audio input and an audiooutput device. In some embodiments, the first audio capture device isconfigured to capture a first audio signal and provide the first audiosignal to the first audio input, and output device of the monitor moduleis configured to provide the first audio signal to the vehicle operator.In some embodiments, the first location of the first audio capturedevice is in a location that is proximate to the first location of thefirst image capture device, and the monitor module is configured toprovide the first audio signal to the vehicle operator responsive to thefirst image being displayed on the monitor module.

In some embodiments, the see-through mirror glass section is configuredso as to be reflective when no image is displayed on the monitor module,and sufficiently transparent for the first image to be viewable when thefirst image is displayed on the monitor module. In other embodiments,the rear-view mirror has a unitary reflecting surface and includes atleast two areas of different reflectivity: a first area having arelatively low reflectivity, and a second area, such as the remainingarea of the reflecting surface, having a higher reflectivity. In certainembodiments, the reflectivity of the two areas is selected such that thedifference in reflectivity of the first area and the second area is notvisible or perceivable under normal operation conditions and/or when themonitor is turned off.

In some embodiments, the monitor module further includes a photocelllight sensor configured to detect ambient light at, around, or in alocation affecting the location of the monitor module. In someembodiments, the monitor module is further configured to adjust abrightness level of the first image when the first image is displayed,responsive to the photocell light sensor.

In another exemplary embodiment, a rear view mirror and modular monitorsystem for enhanced viewing by a vehicle operator of areas within and/orexterior to a vehicle is provided. The system comprises a rear-viewmirror mounted forward of the vehicle operator and at a locationunobstructive of the vehicle operator's forward field of view, at leasta section of said rear-view mirror comprising see-through mirror glass.In the system, a monitor module is fastened to a rear side of therear-view mirror, aligned with the see-through mirror glass section. Insome embodiments, a first image capture device is mounted at a firstlocation inside and/or outside the vehicle, and is configured to providea first image displayable on the monitor module. In some embodiments,the system further includes a second image capture device mounted at asecond location inside and/or outside the vehicle configured to providea second image displayable on the monitor module. In some embodiments,an input switch is connected to the first and second image capturedevices, and is configured to provide the first image and/or the secondimage to monitor module responsive to a manually selected view, anautomatically selected view, and/or an event-triggered selected view.

In some embodiments, when the first image and/or the second image isprovided to and displayed on the monitor module, the first image and/orthe second image is viewable through the see-through mirror glasssection.

In some embodiments, the system further includes a first audio capturedevice mounted proximate to the first location of the first imagecapture device and a second audio capture device mounted proximate tothe second location of the second image capture device. The monitormodule further includes a first audio input, a second audio input, andat least one audio output device. In some embodiments, the first audiocapture device is configured to capture a first audio signal and providethe first audio signal to the first audio input, and the second audiocapture device is configured to capture a second audio signal andprovide the second audio signal to the second audio input. In someembodiments, the audio output device is configured to provide the firstaudio signal to the vehicle operator responsive to the first image beingdisplayed on the monitor module, and/or the second audio signalresponsive to the second image being displayed on the monitor module. Insome embodiments, the system further includes an image storage deviceconfigured to store the first image and/or the second image.

In another exemplary embodiment, a method of providing a rear-viewmirror and modular monitor system for enhanced viewing by a vehicleoperator of areas within and/or exterior to a vehicle is provided. Thesystem includes the sequential, non-sequential, and/orsequence-independent steps of mounting a rear-view mirror forward of thevehicle operator and at a location unobstructed by the vehicleoperator's forward field of view, a section of said rear-view mirrorincluding see-through mirror glass. In some embodiments, the methodfurther includes fastening a monitor module to a rear side of therear-view mirror aligned with the see-through mirror glass section. Themethod further includes mounting a first image capture device at a firstlocation inside and/or outside the vehicle configured to capture andtransmit a first image to the monitor module. The method furtherincludes connecting the first image capture device to the monitormodule, using a wired and/or wireless connection, to provide the firstimage to the monitor module viewable through the see-through mirrorglass section.

In some embodiments, the method further includes installing a gasketbetween the see-through mirror glass section and the monitor module tochannel visible light emitted from a display on the monitor modulethrough the at least one see-through mirror glass section of therear-view mirror, while providing protection for the display when themonitor module is fastened to the rear-view mirror. In some embodiments,the method further includes aligning the gasket with a perimeter of thedisplay and securing the gasket in place.

In some embodiments, the method further includes configuring the monitormodule to be removable from the rear-view mirror and reinsertable in thesame rear-view mirror and/or another rear-view mirror. In someembodiments, the method further includes providing an image storagedevice configured for image storage. In some embodiments, the methodfurther includes providing a protective enclosure encasing the firstimage capture device and the image storage device to protect the firstimage capture device and the image storage device from damage,tampering, and/or theft.

In some embodiments, the step of fastening the monitor module to therear side of the rear-view mirror further includes temporarilyconnecting the monitor module to the rear-view mirror using a connectiondevice and enabling the monitor module to be removed from andre-connected to or replaced from the rear-view mirror and/or anotherrear-view mirror. In some embodiments, the first image is captured,transmitted, and/or displayed responsive to a manually selected view, anautomatically selected view, and/or an event-triggered selected view.

In some embodiments, the method further includes mounting a second imagecapture device at a second location inside and/or outside the vehicle,the second image capture device being configured to capture and transmita second image to the monitor module. In some embodiments, the systemfurther comprises installing and/or connecting an input switch to thefirst and second image capture devices, and providing the first imageand/or second image to the monitor module responsive to a manuallyselected view, an automatically selected view, and/or an event-triggeredselected view. In some embodiments, the method further includesproviding the monitor module with two or more channels configured toreceive the first image and the second image; and displaying the firstand second image together in a multiple-feed configuration (mode) and/orindividually in a single-feed configuration (mode) responsive to theinput switch.

In some embodiments, the method further includes mounting a first audiocapture device at a first location inside and/or outside the vehicle,and providing the monitor module with a first audio input and an audiooutput device. In some embodiments, the method further includescapturing a first audio signal using the first audio capture device andproviding the first audio signal to the first audio input of the monitormodule; and providing the first audio signal to the vehicle operatorusing the audio output.

In some embodiments, the step of mounting the first audio capture deviceincludes mounting the first audio capture device proximate to the firstlocation of the first image capture device. In some embodiments, themonitor module is configured to provide the first audio signal to thevehicle operator responsive to the first image being displayed on themonitor module. In some embodiments, the method further includesconfiguring the see-through mirror glass section so as to be reflectivewhen no image is displayed on the monitor module, and sufficientlytransparent for the first image to be viewable when the first image isdisplayed on the monitor module.

In some embodiments, the method further includes providing the monitormodule with a photocell light sensor configured to detect ambient lightat, near, or affecting the location of the monitor module, wherein themonitor module is further configured to adjust a brightness level of thefirst image when the first image is displayed, responsive to thephotocell light sensor.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of providing a rear-viewmirror and modular monitor system for enhanced viewing by a vehicleoperator of areas within and/or exterior to a vehicle is provided. Themethod includes the sequential, non-sequential, and/orsequence-independent steps of: mounting a rear-view mirror forward ofthe vehicle operator and at a location that does not obstruct thevehicle operator's forward field of view, a section of the rear-viewmirror comprising see-through mirror glass. The method further includesfastening a monitor module to a rear side of the rear-view mirroraligned with the see-through mirror glass section. The method furtherincludes mounting a first image capture device at a first locationinside and/or outside the vehicle to provide a first image to themonitor module, and mounting a second image capture device at a secondlocation inside and/or outside the vehicle, the second image capturedevice being configured to provide a second image to the monitor module.

In some embodiments, the method further includes connecting an inputswitch to the first and second image capture devices using a wiredand/or wireless connection, to provide the first image and/or the secondimage to the monitor module responsive to a manually selected view, anautomatically selected view, and/or an event-triggered selected view.The method further includes digitally capturing the first image by thefirst image capture device and/or the second image by the second imagecapture device, and digitally transmitting the first image and/or thesecond image to the monitor module responsive to the manually selectedview, the automatically selected view, and/or the event-triggeredselected view. In some embodiments, the method further includesdisplaying the first image and/or the second image on the monitor moduleviewable through the see-through mirror glass section.

In some embodiments, the method further includes mounting a first audiocapture device proximate to the first location of the first imagecapture device and a second audio capture device proximate to the secondlocation of the second image capture device. The method further includesproviding the monitor module with a first audio input, a second audioinput, and an audio output device. In some embodiments, the methodfurther includes capturing a first audio signal with the first audiocapture device, and transmitting the first audio signal to the firstaudio responsive to the capturing of the first image; and capturing asecond audio signal with the second audio capture device, andtransmitting the second audio signal to the second audio inputresponsive to the capturing of the second image. The method furtherincludes providing the first audio signal to the vehicle operator viathe audio output device responsive to the first image being displayed inthe single-feed configuration on the monitor module; and providing thesecond audio signal to the vehicle operator via audio output deviceresponsive to the second image being displayed in the single-feedconfiguration on the monitor module.

In some embodiments, the method further includes providing an imagestorage device and storing first image and/or the second image in theimage storage device.

In still another exemplary embodiment, a method of repairing a rear viewmirror and modular monitor system, the system including a rear-viewmirror mounted forward of the vehicle operator and at a location thatdoes not obstruct the vehicle operator's forward field of view, amonitor module fastened to a rear side of the rear-view mirror, a firstimage capture device mounted at a location inside and/or outside thevehicle, and configured to provide a first image to the monitor module.The method includes the sequential, non-sequential, and/orsequence-independent steps of: unfastening the monitor module from therear side of the rear-view mirror; replacing the monitor module and/orthe rear-view mirror with a replacement part comprising another ofanother monitor module or another rear-view mirror. In some embodiments,the method further includes positioning the monitor module with respectto a see-through mirror glass and/or a display aperture of the rear-viewmirror. Some embodiments include positioning a gasket between themonitor module and the see-through mirror glass and/or a displayaperture, and refastening the fasteners to secure the replacement partto replace the monitor module and/or the rear-view mirror.

In some embodiments, the step of unfastening the monitor module from therear side of the rear-view mirror further includes locating a pluralityof fasteners, the fasteners having been threaded through a plurality ofmirror apertures positioned around the see-through mirror glass sectionof the rear-view mirror, and through a plurality of monitor aperturespositioned around a frame of the monitor module so as to align with theplurality of mirror apertures, each of the plurality of fasteners havingbeen secured with a nut to fasten the monitor module to the rear side ofthe rear-view mirror. The method further includes removing the nuts fromthe plurality of fasteners thereby allowing the monitor module to beunfastened from the rear side of the rear-view mirror.

In still yet another exemplary embodiment, a method of enhanced viewingby a vehicle operator of areas within and/or exterior to a vehicleincludes the sequential, non-sequential, and/or sequence-independentsteps of: digitally capturing the first image by the first image capturedevice, the first image being displayable on the monitor module. Themethod further includes digitally transmitting the first image to themonitor module; and displaying the first image on the monitor module,wherein the first image is viewable through a see-through mirror glasssection of the rear view mirror.

In some embodiments the first image is digitally transmitted to themonitor module in response to receiving a stop completed signal thatindicates the vehicle has completed a stop and is preparing to resume ajourney. In such embodiments the first image capture device ispreferably mounted at a location that provides a view of an externalside of the vehicle.

In yet another embodiment, the first image capture device is mounted ata location that provides a view of an external rear of the vehicle andthe method further comprises, in response to receiving a backup signalindicating that the vehicle is preparing to backup, preventing displayof a first image of the rear of the vehicle on the monitor module.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing summary, including the above and other features andadvantages of the herein described systems and methods, as well as abrief description of the preferred embodiments of the application willbe better understood when read in conjunction with the appendeddrawings. For the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments ofthe present inventions, and to explain their operation, drawings ofpreferred embodiments and schematic illustrations are shown. It shouldbe understood, however, that the application is not limited to theprecise arrangements, variants, structures, features, embodiments,aspects, methods, advantages and instrumentalities shown, and thearrangements, variants, structures, features, embodiments, aspects,methods, advantages, improvements and instrumentalities shown and/ordescribed may be used singularly in the system or method or may be usedin combination with other arrangements, variants, structures, features,embodiments, aspects, methods, advantages, improvements andinstrumentalities. In the drawings:

FIGS. 1a-1b depict a general layout of a system in accordance with someembodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 2a-2d depict several views of a rear-view mirror and modularmonitor assembly in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 3 depicts an exploded view of a rear-view mirror and modularmonitor assembly in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 4a-4e depict several views of a modular monitor in accordance withsome embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 5a-5d depict several views of an example image capture device inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 6a-6d depict several views of a vehicle with a rear-view mirrorand modular monitor system installed in accordance with some embodimentsof the invention.

FIG. 7 depicts parts of an optional lever lock mechanism which can beused to lock a rear-view mirror and modular monitor assembly in place inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 8a-8b depict several views of a dual-vision camera system whichmay be used in conjunction with a rear-view mirror and modular monitorsystem in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 9 depicts an exploded view of a dual-vision camera system inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 10 depicts the rear-view mirror and modular monitor assembly withthe dual-vision camera system of FIGS. 8a-8b shown connected to an inputin accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 11 depicts a screen view of review software which may be used inconjunction with a rear-view mirror and modular monitor input inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 12 depicts an alternative embodiment of the review software of FIG.11 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 13a-13b depict yet other alternative embodiments of the reviewsoftware of FIG. 11 in accordance with some embodiments of theinvention.

FIG. 14a depicts a schematic view of a rear-view mirror having two areasof different reflectivity in accordance with some embodiments of theinvention.

FIG. 14b depicts a schematic view of a monitor module having a lightsensor and a control module suitable for use with a rear-view mirror inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention.

FIGS. 15a-15f are photos of rear-view mirrors having a monitor with anLCD screen in accordance with some embodiments of the invention, whenthe LCD is turned off (FIGS. 15a, 15c, 15e ) and turned on (FIGS. 15b,15d, 15f ).

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of an embodiment method of applying a reflectivecoating to a rear-view mirror configured to accommodate a modularmonitor system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The following description includes many specific details, the inclusionof which is for the sole purpose of illustration and should not beunderstood to limit the invention in any way. Moreover, certain featureswhich are known to those of ordinary skill in the art are not describedin detail in order to avoid complication of the subject matter of thepresent invention. In addition, it will be understood that features inan exemplary embodiment may be combined with features in other exemplaryembodiments of the invention without limitation.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in itsapplication to the exemplary details of construction and to thearrangements of the components set forth in the following description ofexemplary embodiments or illustrated in the drawings of exemplaryembodiments. The invention is capable of other alternative embodimentsand of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is tobe understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein arefor the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception,upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basisfor the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carryingout the several purposes of the present invention. It is important,therefore, that the invention be regarded as including equivalentconstructions to those described herein insofar as they do not departfrom the spirit and scope of the present invention.

For example, the specific sequence of the described process may bealtered so that certain processes are conducted in parallel orindependent, with other processes, to the extent that the processes arenot dependent upon each other. Thus, the specific order of stepsdescribed herein is not to be considered implying a specific sequence ofsteps to perform the process. Other alterations or modifications of theabove processes are also contemplated. For example, furtherinsubstantial approximations of the process and/or algorithms are alsoconsidered within the scope of the processes described herein.

In addition, features illustrated or described as part of one embodimentcan be used in or with other embodiments to yield a still furtherembodiment. Additionally, certain features may be interchanged withsimilar devices or features now known or later-developed that performthe same or similar functions. It is therefore intended that suchmodifications and variations are included within the totality of thepresent invention.

A multi-camera, rear-view mirror and modular monitor system includes arear-view mirror that in some embodiments embeds a monitor behind, forexample, see-through mirror glass. In some embodiments, the rear-viewmirror and modular monitor system includes multiple cameras, some in thevehicle (e.g., a bus or truck, which are collectively referred to as a“bus”), as well as some cameras outside the bus, advantageouslyproviding the driver or other individual an opportunity to view what ishappening, for example, in the back rows of the bus and/or cabin, whilealso using the mirror to look at objects in the bus and/or cabin, and/orbehind the bus, that are visible using the mirror. In some embodiments,a standard 6×30 mirror is advantageously used in the bus to view, forexample, children that are behind the driver. In some embodiments, thisstandard 6×30 mirror is not needed for viewing traffic behind the bus,and in some embodiments it may be used to view objects other thanvehicles both inside and outside the bus. In some embodiments otherstandard and/or custom sized rear-view mirrors may also be used.

In some embodiments, a standard rear-view mirror is used in combinationwith the dual-vision camera inventions described in U.S. applicationSer. No. 12/608,600, filed Oct. 29, 2009, entitled “Method and SystemWith Multiple Camera Units Installed in Protective Enclosure,” whichclaims priority to U.S. Application Ser. Nos. 61/109,763, filed Oct. 30,2008 and 61/245,080, filed Sep. 23, 2009, and each of the aboveapplications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

In addition or alternatively, in some embodiments, any other suitableimage capturing system is also contemplated for use either inconjunction with, or instead of, the dual-vision system. For example,any digital imaging device such as a digital camera and/or a digitalvideo recorder may be used.

Advantageously, multiple cameras are provided in, for example, a bus orother truck or vehicle as well as some cameras outside the bus,providing the driver an opportunity to see what is happening in areas inand/or around the bus that cannot be seen in the rear-view mirror, whilealso using the rear-view mirror to look at passengers and objects thatare visible through the mirror. In addition, in some embodiments, amonitor is either embedded behind see-through mirror glass, embedded ina cut-out aperture within the rear-view mirror, and/or otherwiseattached to a portion of the rear-view mirror. In any event, the drivercan view both the monitor and the rear-view mirror with relative easeand limited distraction to the driver.

In some embodiments, the interior cameras are located in the rear areaof the cabin of the bus and face forward in the bus to show the driverwhat is happening behind the high-backs of the seats which cannot beseen when looking up at a conventional mirror. Alternatively oradditionally, in some embodiments, cameras may be mounted in anysuitable location to capture images which would otherwise be unviewablefrom the rear-view mirror. This may include ceiling mounted cameras,side wall mounted cameras, rear facing cameras, and the like.

In some embodiments, external cameras may be located anywhere around theoutside of the bus that would provide views which can be helpful to thedriver. As an example, the present assignee describes an exterior camerasystem layout and driver controls which affords a view substantially360° around a school bus in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/177,302,entitled: “CAMERA SYSTEM FOR LARGE VEHICLES,” filed Jul. 6, 2011, whichis herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. The rear-viewmirror and modular monitor system can advantageously display at leastone selected imaging feed, and/or multiple imaging feeds simultaneouslyusing standard monitor technology and/or multiple monitor modulesconnected to the rear view mirror. Additionally, corresponding audio foran area inside or external to the bus being displayed on the modularmonitor may also be provided to the driver via the rear-view mirror andmodular monitor system, which, in some embodiments, incorporatesmicrophones built into the imaging devices and/or installed in thelocation of the imaging devices.

FIGS. 1a-1b depict a general layout of a system for effectuating thepresent invention in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.In some embodiments, rear-view mirror and modular monitoring system 100comprises, for example, at least three primary components: rear-viewmirror unit 110, modular monitor 120, and imaging device 130. Modularmonitor 120 and imaging device 130 are shown connected to each other viaconnection device 140.

In some embodiments, rear-view mirror unit 110 includes mirror 111 andat least one see-through mirror glass section 112, behind which modularmonitor 120 is mounted for display. In some embodiments, mirror 111 mayinclude a mirror cut-out aperture (not shown) in place of, or inaddition to, see-through mirror glass section 112, behind which modularmonitor 120 may be mounted for display. In yet other embodiments,modular monitor 120 may be mounted to any suitable portion of rear-viewmirror unit 110 that provides sufficient viewing of modular monitor 120and mirror 111.

In some embodiments, mirror 111 is a sheet of glass coated on the backside with black and chrome paint, making the front side reflective,similar to any standard rear-view mirror. As described herein, in someembodiments, a see-through mirror glass section may refer to a sectionof mirror 111 where the glass is coated with chrome paint only, orotherwise treated so as to make a standard see-through glass section 112sufficiently transparent (when viewed from the front) when a strongenough light source, such as the light from an activated monitordisplay, is channeled through the back of the section, and is otherwisereflective (when viewed from the front side) when the light source isnot provided or otherwise insufficient.

In some embodiments, the rear-view mirror has a unitary reflectingsurface of a single reflectivity or includes at least two areas ofdifferent reflectivity: a first area having a relatively lowreflectivity, and a second area, such as the remaining area of thereflecting surface, having a higher reflectivity. For example, asillustrated in FIG. 14a , the first area 1411 can be on one side of amirror 1410, and the second area 1412 can be the remaining area on themirror 1410. In alternative embodiments, the first area can be locatedin the other positions within the mirror 1400, for example, in themiddle of the mirror (1411′). As the first area is intended to cover anLCD monitor installed behind it, the placement and the size of the firstarea can be based on the size of the monitor screen and the monitorplacement. More than one area of low reflectivity can be included asdesired (e.g., if more than one monitor is used). The area of the higherreflectivity should be sufficiently large to ensure adequatereflectivity of the overall mirror. For example, the area of lowerreflectivity can be about ⅙ to about ⅓ of the whole mirror area.

Such embodiments address an important problem for the design of aninterior mirror which is intended to view the details of occupants of avehicle, e.g., a school bus, where the interior mirror is used mainly tosee details of, for example, students and/or children. As the interiorof the school bus usually only has limited lighting, we have determinedthat it is desirable that the mirror has sufficient reflectivity. (Bycontrast, a standard interior mirror of passenger cars does not need tobe as reflective because the mirror is used to see cars behind thevehicle which are visible either by their clearly defined daytime imageor by their headlights at night.) However, when the mirror is used inconjunction with an LCD monitor as described in one or more embodimentsof the present invention, the reflectivity should not be too high suchthat it would be difficult for the driver to see the images on the LCDmonitor because of the glare on the mirror caused by the light from thesurrounding environment (e.g., sunlight). In general, if the overallreflectivity of the mirror is, for example, in the 50-60% range, thewhole mirror will be bright but not transmissive; when the reflectivityis, for example, below 20% (such as glass without a reflective, tintedor other type of coating, which has a reflectance of, for example, about4% depending on the type of glass), the mirror is transmissive, and thusreflective images may appear too dark. A preferred reflectivity levelfor the mirror with single reflectivity (e.g., the reflectivity of themirror in zone 1412 is substantially the same as that in zones 1411 and1411′ and the zone being within 5% reflectivity of each other or thezones being similar to each other and within 10% reflectivity of eachother) would be between about 20% and 40%, alternatively between about25% and 35%, more preferably and/or alternatively still about 30% (e.g.,about a percentage reflects a 5% or less differential in reflectivityfor a specific reflectivity value), so the mirror is sufficiently brightfor a school bus with low interior lighting but transmissive enough tosee the images of the LCD behind the glass. A mirror having a uniformlow reflectivity is shown in FIG. 15a (when the monitor is off) and FIG.15b (when the monitor is on). Although the low reflectivity helps theLCD screen of the monitor shine through the mirror, we have determinedthat the images in the mirror can be too dark for the driver to see thedetails inside of the bus. Nonetheless, in some embodiments, anadditional tint may optionally be applied to either or both areas of themirror. This tint may be provided to reduce unwanted glare, such as fromsolar reflection, headlights or the like. In some embodiments, themirror may be tinted towards a specific color, such as yellow, byselectively preventing reflectance of unwanted wavelengths, such asblues and violets, so as to improve overall visibility. Tinting may alsobe provided to globally reduce the reflectance of all visiblewavelengths by a predetermined amount, such as from 5% to 50%.Combinations may also be provided, so as to both reduce the reflectanceof all wavelengths by a predetermined amount, such as 10% to 30%, whilefurther suppressing, or even eliminating, the reflectance of otherwavelengths, such as blues and violets. Any suitable optical filter orthin film may be used to provide such tinting.

In some embodiments with areas having different reflectivity, the higherreflectivity area can be made sufficiently high to ensure adequate lightis reflected from the mirror to allow clear view of the target viewingarea of the mirror, especially for low-light settings, such as theinterior of a bus later in the day, or the like. Meanwhile, thereflectivity of the lower reflectivity area can be selected such that ithas sufficient transmittance to allow the images on the monitor (whenthe monitor is on) to transmit through the mirror and overwhelm anyglare coming from the sunlight or other light from outside and/or insidethe bus so as to be viewable by the observer (e.g., a bus driver) undersuch lighting conditions. In this regard, in some embodiments. it ispreferable to use a monitor that has high LCD brightness.

In some embodiments, the monitor can have an LCD screen whose brightnesscan be manually adjusted, and/or automatically adjusted depending on theambient light and/or glare coming from other light sources. Asillustrated in FIG. 14b , in some embodiments, the monitor module 1430includes at least an LCD screen 1432, a control module 1435, and a lightsensor 1437. The light sensor (e.g., a photocell) can be mountedproximate the LCD screen and behind the first area of the mirror havinglow reflectivity, or mounted on the frame of the mirror, or otherlocations as preferred or desired. The light sensor 1437 can sense, forexample, the ambient light level and generate a corresponding electricsignal, and transmit the electric signal to the control module 1435,which can include a control circuit so that the signal received from thelight sensor 1437 can be processed to generate a control signal toautomatically adjust the brightness of the LCD screen 1432, such as bycontrolling the brightness of a backlight of the LCD screen 1432. Insome embodiments, different brightness settings may be used and/or userselectable to allow automatic brightness control responsive topredefined user and/or monitor settings. In alternative embodiments, inaddition to or instead of the automated control module 1435, a manualbrightness switch is used to control the monitor brightness.

With reference to FIG. 16. to manufacture the mirror having the twoareas of reflectivity, in some embodiments, the below exemplary process400 can be used: (step 402) applying one or more reflective coatings ofa first reflective material on the entirety of the mirror surface of amirror substrate; (step 404) masking the first area where the lowreflectivity is desired, and (step 406) applying a further coating ofeither the same reflective material, or a second, different reflectivematerial to the area outside of the masked first area. Alternativemethods can be used, for example, by applying a first reflective coatingonly on the first area and a second reflective coating only in theremaining area. Commonly known metal-based reflective materials and/orpaints can be used, for example, chrome-based coating or paint. Multiplelayers of coatings can be applied to the first area and/or the remainingmirror area as needed to obtain the desired reflectivity. In someembodiments, (step 408) the mask may be removed after one or more of thedesired reflective coatings have been applied, and in particular afterthe final reflective coating in step 406 has been applied. In someembodiments, an opaque coating, such as black paint, may be appliedbefore removal of the mask and thereafter the mask is optionally removedso that the first area is devoid of the opaque coating.

In some embodiments, the second area (having a higher reflectivity) canhave a reflectivity in the 50-60% range, while the first area ofrelatively low reflectivity can have a reflectivity of 25% to 35%, oralternatively of about 20% or lower. Embodiments with a 20% reflectivityarea are illustrated in FIG. 15c (when the monitor is turned off) andFIG. 15d (when the monitor is on). However, in such embodiments, becauseof the high contrast of reflectivity between the two areas, thedifference between the two areas can be visible when the monitor is off,as shown in FIG. 15c , (where the first area is visible as a darker areaembedded in a brighter area). This can cause discomfort or annoyance tothe driver. In preferred embodiments, the reflectivity of the first areaand the second area can be selected such that the difference inreflectivity between the first area and the other parts of the mirror isnot visible or perceivable under normal operating conditions (when themonitor is off), as shown in FIG. 15e (FIG. 15f shows such a mirror whenthe monitor is turned on). For example, the reflectivity of the firstarea 1411 can be selected to be about two-thirds of the reflectivity ofthe higher reflectivity area 1412 (e.g., the remaining mirror area),e.g., the reflectivity of the first area 1411 can be selected to beabout 30%, and the reflectivity of the second area 1412 can be selectedto be about 45%. High brightness LCD monitors can be particularly usefulin such embodiments to overcome the not-too-low reflectivity of thefirst area 1411, e.g., those have or can be adjusted to have abrightness of 1,000-1,2000 candelas per square meter. Other values ofreflectivity in the two areas (and/or the contrast ratio of thereflectivity between the two areas) can be selected based on differentapplications, parts of the country, positions of the mirror within thebus, etc. In yet other embodiments, the reflectivity of both the firstarea 1411 and the second area 1412 can be substantially the same orsimilar to each other, such as between 20% and 40%, between 25% and 35%,and/or around 25% or 30%. Masking may or may not be employed is suchembodiments. In some embodiments, second area 1412 may have an opaquebacking while first area 1411 does not.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 14a , a transition region 1413 maybe disposed between the first area 1411 and the second area 1412, inwhich the transition region 1413 has an intermediate reflectivity thatis between the respective reflectivities of the first area 1411 and thesecond area 1412. In preferred embodiments, the transition region 1413has a plurality of successively increasing reflectivities from the firstarea 1411 to the second area 1412, so that the reflectivity of themirror 1410 steadily increases in stepwise fashion from the first area1411 to the second area 1412 within the transition region 1413. It willbe appreciated that, with a suitable number of steps and/or applicationof reflective material, the reflectivity of the transition region 1413can be made to appear to smoothly increase from a minimum value that issubstantially the same as the reflectivity of the first area 1411, andwhich abuts the first area 1411, to a maximum value that issubstantially the same as the reflectivity of the second area 1412 andwhich abuts the second area 1412. In one specific embodiment, the firstreflectivity of the first area 1411 and second reflectivity of thesecond area 1412 are substantially similar to each other (e.g., within5-10% of each other), and the reflectivity of the transition region 1413serves to provide a smooth or stepped blending between the first andsecond reflectivities.

In some embodiments, and referring back to FIGS. 1a and 1b , rear-viewmirror unit 110 includes mirror unit mounting brackets 113. Theconfiguration of mirror unit mounting brackets 113 is merely exemplary,and any suitable configuration which provides proper mounting supportfor rear-view mirror unit 110 in a vehicle is likewise contemplated.Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, rear-view mirrorunit 110 may be provided with a standard locking mechanism, as describedin further detail in the description of FIG. 7, to lock rear-view mirrorunit 110 in place.

In some embodiments, image capture device 130 is a standard digitalstill and/or video camera. In some embodiments, image capture device 130also includes Infrared (IR) Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting (orequivalent IR lighting) for capturing images in low or no visibilitywithout requiring a flash or other bright light source. In someembodiments, a standard light source may be provided in addition to orin place of IR LED lighting. While image capture device 130 is shownhere with a wired connection to modular monitor 120, in some embodimentsimage capture device 130 may be a wireless device, which is controlledand transmits captured images wirelessly via a wireless transmissionsuch as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, IR, cellular etc. Furthermore, while imagecapture device 130 is shown here as a stationary camera, in someembodiments image capture device 130 may be a standard motorized,multi-directional manually/automatically controlled camera, which mayprovide the operator with additional views inside and/or outside thebus. In some embodiments, image capture device 130 is powered by atleast one of the vehicle's internal power source, and a stand-alonepower source such as a rechargeable camera battery or a solar cell.

In some embodiments, connection device 140 comprises one or a pluralityof input feeds 141. In some embodiments, the input feeds 141 arestandard video input feeds, which can be connected to any number andcombination of devices. For example, input feeds 141 may be respectivelyconnected to multiple image capture devices 130 and/or a combination ofimage capture devices 130, audio capture devices (not shown), e.g., amicrophone, and/or other sensors, e.g., a photocell light sensor, asdesired. In some embodiments, connection device 140 further comprises apower feed 142 for providing power to modular monitor 120 from a powersource (not shown), e.g., the vehicle battery, and a line out feed 143,for connecting modular monitor 120 to an output device such as, forexample, a stand-alone speaker (not shown) or additional monitor (notshown).

In some embodiments, connection device 140 includes monitor video feed144, to provide at least one a digital image, an audio signal, sensordata, and power to the monitor 120, and to provide output from themodular monitor 120 to an output device. It will be readily understoodby those of ordinary skill in the art that, while in the embodimentsdescribed herein, connection device 140 is shown as one comprehensiveconfiguration, other embodiments providing for multiple separatestandard connection devices and/or other configurations employingstandard connection devices and/or wireless connections may also beused.

FIGS. 2a-2d depict several views of a rear-view mirror and modularmonitor assembly in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.In particular FIG. 2a depicts a front view of rear-view mirror unit 110and see-through mirror glass section 112, the exemplary location ofwhich is depicted by a hash-lined rectangle. It will again be readilyunderstood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, while in theembodiments described herein, see-through mirror glass section 112 isdepicted as being rectangular in shape, any other shape suitable forcommensurate with the shape of a monitor display to be attached theretois also contemplated. Additionally, as explained above, while thehash-lined rectangle is described as indicating the general location ofsee-through mirror glass section 112, in some embodiments, thehash-lined rectangle indicates the general location of a mirror cut-outaperture (not shown) in place of, or in addition to, see-through mirrorglass section 112, behind which modular monitor 120 may be mounted fordisplay. In yet other embodiments, modular monitor 120 may be mounted toany suitable portion of rear-view mirror unit 110 that providessufficient viewing of modular monitor 120 and mirror 111, withoutnecessitating see-through mirror glass section 112 or a mirror cut-outaperture. In yet other embodiments, the rear-view mirror may include anadditional section, slot or receptacle, optionally molded, within and/orintegrated with the housing to accommodate the monitor for connectionand facilitate easy removal therefrom.

FIG. 2b depicts a back view of the exemplary rear-view mirror unit 110of FIG. 2a , with modular monitor 120 fastened to the back, adjacent tothe reverse (back) side of the location of see-through mirror glasssection 112. It will again be readily understood by those of ordinaryskill in the art that, while in the embodiments described herein,see-through mirror glass section 112 and modular monitor 120 are shownlocated to one side of rear-view mirror unit 110, this is merelyexemplary, and other locations along mirror 111 are also contemplated.In addition to depicting mirror unit mounting brackets 113, FIG. 2b alsodepicts fixed mounting bracket 114, which is discussed in greater detailin the description of FIG. 7 below. Other embodiments include fewer ormore brackets, and other configurations as necessary to secure rear-viewmirror unit 110 in place. It should also be noted that, while theembodiments described herein depict rear-view mirror unit 110 as beingfastened to an internal portion of a vehicle, alternative embodimentswherein rear-view mirror unit 110 is mounting to an external portion ofa vehicle are also provided.

FIGS. 2c-2d depict several alternative views of rear-view mirror unit110 and modular monitor 120 in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 depicts an exploded view of a rear-view mirror and modularmonitor assembly in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.In particular, FIG. 3 shows how modular monitor 120 may be fastened torear-view mirror unit 110, and how rear-view mirror unit 110 may beassembled, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

In accordance with some embodiments, modular monitor 120 may be fastenedto rear-view mirror unit 110 with the use of self-clinching threaded pinfasteners, such as monitor fasteners 118, and monitor nuts 119 forsecuring monitor fasteners 118 in place. Other types of fasteners mayalternatively be used as well, such as screws, adhesives, snap fit,adhesive tape, velcro and the like. In some embodiments, modular monitor120 may be fastened directly to mirror unit backing 116 by threadingmonitor fasteners 118 through mirror unit backing apertures 165 locatedaround the perimeter of backing cut-out 172, and through modular monitorapertures 127, which are located along the perimeter of monitor frame126, and securing monitor fasteners 118 in place with monitor nuts 119.

However, in other embodiments, modular monitor 120 is fastened to mirrorunit backing 116 with monitor gasket 117 disposed therebetween. Monitorgasket 117 optionally includes gasket apertures 129. In someembodiments, monitor fasteners 118 are threaded first through mirrorunit backing apertures 165, then through gasket apertures 129, andfinally through modular monitor apertures 127, after which they aresecured with monitor nuts 119.

In some embodiments, monitor gasket 117 advantageously serves to blockexternal light from disturbing an image displayed on modular monitor 120by reaching monitor display 121 from between modular monitor 120 and thereverse side of see-through mirror glass section 112. Monitor gasket 117also serves to channel the light (image) emitted by monitor display 121through the reverse side of see-through mirror glass section 112, aswell as to protect monitor display 121 from any incidental rubbing orscratching against mirror unit backing 116. In some embodiments, monitorgasket 117 is configured and shaped to follow the perimeter of monitordisplay 121.

As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, rear-view mirror unit 110 isfurther assembled by inserting mirror 111 into mirror unit backing 116and affixing mirror 111 in place using mirror frame 115. In someembodiments, mirror frame 115 is fastened to mirror unit backing 116 byway of additional fasteners. In other embodiments, mirror frame 115 isshaped and configured so as to become affixed to mirror unite backing116 when a sufficient force is applied to mirror frame 115, so that atleast a portion of mirror frame 115 is held in place over mirror unitbacking 116, such as, for example, by employing the use of a lip,indentation, or groove (not shown) to which mirror frame 115 can attach.Other methods of attachment are of course also contemplated, such by useof an adhesive or bond. Additionally, the back of mirror 111 and/or theinternal surface of backing 116, may be coated with a pressure-sensitiveadhesive or the like to better couple mirror 111 to backing 116. Incertain embodiments, the pressure sensitive tape or adhesive that isadded to the back of the mirror glass 111 is selected to make the glassshatter-proof or shatter-resistant.

In some embodiments, assembly of rear-view mirror unit 110 may becompleted by affixing fixed mounting bracket 114 to mirror unit backing116. In some embodiments, fixed mounting bracket 114 is connected toL-brackets 152 and 153 using fastener 166, washers 167, and nuts 168.L-brackets 152 and 153 are connected to mirror unit backing 116, forexample, by inserting fasteners 169 through L-bracket apertures 170 andaffixing them to backing bracket apertures 171.

While the above description of FIG. 3 provides an example embodiment ofan assembly of rear-view mirror unit 110 and modular monitor 120, thoseof ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that many featuresof the above descriptions are exemplary in nature. For example, in placeof a fastener, an adhesive or bond might be employed.

FIGS. 4a-4e depict several views of a modular monitor in accordance withsome embodiments of the invention. FIG. 4a depicts a front view ofmodular monitor 120 in accordance with some embodiments. As can be seenin FIG. 4a , modular monitor 120 includes monitor display 121 on a frontface of the monitor. In some embodiments monitor display 121 is an LCDmonitor. However, other display types are also contemplated, such as LEDmonitors, OLED monitors, etc. In some embodiments, monitor display 121provides strong enough light levels so that images displayed on monitordisplay 121 will be clearly visible through see-through mirror glasssection 112. In alternative embodiments when a mirror cut-out apertureis used in place of see-through mirror glass section 112, a relativelyweaker display may be sufficient for proper visibility of the images.

FIG. 4b depicts a back view of modular monitor 120 in accordance withsome embodiments. As can be seen in FIG. 4b , modular monitor 120includes monitor speakers 122 on a rear face of the monitor. Of course,in other embodiments, monitor speakers 122 may be located on anotherside of modular monitor 120. In yet other embodiments, no speakers areintegrated into modular monitor 120, as can be seen, for example, inFIG. 2d . In some embodiments, an output port is provided in additionto, or in place of, monitor speakers 122, to provide audio output toexternal audio devices such as an external speaker, wired headsets,and/or wireless headsets.

In some embodiments, manual controls 123 are provided on modular monitor120. In some embodiments, manual controls 123 control power, volume,input selection, settings for automatic use, and/or other settings. Insome embodiments, modular monitor 120 includes sensor 124 and indicatorlight 125. In some embodiments, sensor 124 may be a photocell lightsensor, which detects levels of ambient light in the area around modularmonitor 120, and can adjust the brightness of monitor display 121 tocompensate for excess and/or insufficient light. Indicator light 125 maybe configured to indicate, for example, that modular monitor 120 ispowered on or off, and/or operating correctly.

In some embodiments, modular monitor 120 may have built-in and/orremovable memory (not shown) for recording images and/or audio.

FIGS. 4c-4e depict additional views of modular monitor 120 in accordancewith the invention.

FIGS. 5a-5d depict several views of an example image capture device 130in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. As explainedabove, in some embodiments, image capture device 130 may be for example,a standard digital still and/or video camera, an IR/LED camera or thelike. Additionally, in some embodiments, image capture device 130 mayfurther comprise a built-in audio capture device (microphone).Furthermore, though image capture device 130 is shown with a wiredconnection device, a partially or completely wireless image capturedevice is also contemplated. Likewise, in some embodiments, imagecapture device 130 may be powered by the vehicle, and/or may have aninternal battery.

FIGS. 6a-6d depict several views of a vehicle with a rear-view mirrorand modular monitor system installed in accordance with some embodimentsof the invention. In some embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 6a seenfrom behind the driver, when the bus is in reverse, monitor display 121can be configured to always show camera 3 view (back-up) as shown inFIG. 6d . When not in reverse, the driver can then manually choose videoinputs from cameras 1, 2, or 3 (exemplary locations of which aredepicted in FIG. 6d ) from video input switch 180 by way of respectiveswitches 181, 182, 183, or choose no view at all (full mirror view).

In alternative embodiments, as illustrated in FIG. 6b seen from behindthe driver, when the vehicle is in reverse, monitor display 121 can beconfigured to always show camera 3 view (back-up). When not in reverse,the driver can use video input switch 180, located on dashboard 185, tochoose a single-feed configuration providing a video input from eithercamera 1 or camera 2, a multiple-feed configuration providing a splitvideo input of cameras 1 and 2, input from camera 3, or no view at all(full mirror view).

In additional alternative embodiments, the selection of the view for themonitors can be based on driver preference using a standard input switchmechanism, manually or manually activated. For example, when not inreverse mode, the driver might still want camera 3 providing input tothe monitor as part of the multiple-feed split video configuration.

FIG. 6c depicts a view from above of an exemplary location of rear-viewmirror unit 110 and video input switch 180 relative to the driver. FIG.6d provides exemplary mounting locations for cameras within and externalto the bus.

In some embodiments, the video switch 180 or other existing oradditional switch can be configured to select one or more video feedsfrom one or more cameras based upon one or more optional triggeringsignals. In some embodiments, a first triggering signal comprises abackup signal that indicates that the vehicle has been placed in reverseand/or is ready to move in reverse. Any suitable method may be used toobtain such a signal, such as by using the backup lights, a signal fromthe transmission, drive selector moved to reverse, or the like. A secondoptional triggering signal comprises a stop-completed signal, indicatingthat the vehicle has completed a stop and is preparing to move forwardin continuance of its journey. Any specific method may be used to obtainsuch a signal. With specific reference to busses, the stop completedsignal can be obtained, for example, from monitoring when the door hasbeen closed; that is, the closing of the passenger door can beinterpreted as a stop completed signal, which can be used by the videoswitch 180. In a school bus, for example, the stop completed signal canbe optionally obtained by monitoring the flashing lights that aredisplayed when a school bus has stopped and/or other shifting of the businto forward or reverse gear, and the like. In some embodiments, whenthe flashing lights cease flashing (e.g., are turned off) or the gearshave changed or moved from parked to forward or reverse, this event canbe interpreted as a stop completed signal.

In busses, and for school busses in particular, it is very desirable tohave an external view of one or more the sides of the bus as the vehiclepulls away from a stop, as individuals that are in close proximity to abus when the vehicle pulls away may be inadvertently struck by thevehicle. To provide a driver with ample opportunity to review the sidesof or around the bus for hazard conditions, in one embodiment the videoinput switch 180 is configured to monitor the stop completed signal andto selected a video feed from an external camera for display in monitordisplay 121 for a predetermined amount of time after receiving the stopcompleted signal, such as for 5 to 15 seconds, more preferably about 10seconds. In some embodiments, the selected video feed is from one ormore cameras that monitors a side(s), front or rear of the bus. Forexample, with reference to FIG. 6d , upon receiving the stop completedsignal, such as when the bus doors close and/or the flashing warninglights are turned off, the video switch 180 selects a video feed fromcamera 2 and causes this feed to be presented on display 121 for 10seconds; alternatively, a split-view scene could be presented in display121 formed by the video splitter 180 by a combination of the video feedsfrom both cameras 1 and 2 so that both the left and right sides of thebus are presented in a single view 121.

Although backup cameras are highly desirable when backing up a vehicle,in some situations their use may be discouraged in favor of side viewand/or rear view mirrors. Hence, in some embodiments, upon receiving thebackup signal, the video switch 180 may temporarily disable the videofeed for the backup camera 3 for a predetermined amount of time, such as30 seconds to two minutes, more preferably for about one minute, andinstead require the driver to use the external mirrors instead ofrelying on a monitor in the interior of the bus. After thispredetermined amount of time has elapsed the video, switch 180 may thencause the video feed from the backup camera 3 to be presented in thedisplay 121, assuming that the bus is still in reverse as indicated bythe backup signal or if such as display is manually requested, such asby a switch 183.

FIG. 7 depicts an optional lever lock mechanism which can be used tolock a rear-view mirror and modular monitor assembly in place inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments,an optional lever lock mechanism can be used to lock rear-view mirrorunit 110 in place in the vehicle as currently offered by Rosco, Inc. ofJamaica, N.Y. and the assignee of the present application. According tosome embodiments, FIG. 7 depicts parts of the rear-view mirror unit'slocking mechanism 150, including the fixed mounting bracket 114 attachedto the vehicle and the shaft with a threaded end 151 that is passedthrough or positioned in L-brackets 152 and 153.

A helical compression spring 154 is slid onto shaft 151 and flat washers155 are positioned on either end of helical compression spring 154.Also, tubular sleeve 156 is positioned around shaft 151 betweenL-bracket 152 and L-bracket 153. Shaft 151 is secured into place usinglock nut 157 on the outside of L-bracket 153 (on the side of theL-bracket 153 facing away from L-bracket 152). Also, lock washer 158 andlock washer 159 may be positioned on either side of tubular sleeve 156between L-bracket 152 and L-bracket 153. Shaft 151 is also passedthrough both sides of fixed mounting bracket 114. That is, one end offixed mounting bracket 114 may be positioned between tubular sleeve 156and L-bracket 152 and the other end of fixed mounting bracket 114 may bepositioned between the other end of tubular sleeve 156 and L-bracket153.

Handle 160 may be positioned on an end of shaft 151 and secured theretousing clevis pin 161 and spacer 162 and spacer 163 on either end ofclevis pin 161. Also, cotter pin 164 may be positioned on an end ofclevis pin 161 to secure it in place inside handle 160. It will beunderstood that, while particular components of locking mechanism 150are described herein, various parts may be omitted, or may be combinedand formed integrally, or the parts may be arranged in different wayswithout departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Forexample, while helical compression spring 154 is described, it will beappreciated that other types of springs or non-spring urging members maybe used to apply pressure to L-bracket 152 as described below; or, whilemounting bracket 114 is described as being attached to the bus, othertypes of fasteners may be used to secure rear-view mirror unit 110 orlocking mechanism 150 to the vehicle.

FIGS. 8a-8b depict several views of a dual-vision camera system whichmay be used in conjunction with a rear-view mirror and modular monitorsystem in accordance with some embodiments of the invention.

In some embodiments, a dual-vision camera system can be used in placeof, or in conjunction with image capture device 130 to provide imagesand/or audio to modular monitor 120. The illustrative camera system,disclosed in incorporated by reference U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/608,600 cited above, records images of both the interior and exteriorof a vehicle. Specifically, the camera system provides for recording theinterior and exterior of a vehicle on a continuous loop, with the oldestdata erased by more recent video, and will save sequences of video andaudio recordings based upon certain predetermined recording events.

The dual-vision system 200 of FIGS. 8a and 8b includes in at least oneembodiment two cameras within the same housing: one camera capturesvideo of the interior of the vehicle, while the second camera capturesvideo of vehicles, pedestrians, road signs, traffic lights, etc. infront of the vehicle. In alternative embodiments, the dual-vision system200 is provided with a microphone to record audio within the interior ofthe vehicle. In alternative embodiments, different numbers of camerascan be used with different field of views, from a single camera to anumber of different cameras. One advantage of the camera system is thatit allows the recording of the video of the driver and/or passengers ofthe vehicle in addition to video of the outside of the vehicle to allowreview of events, such as distractions to the driver within the vehicle,car accidents, near-accidents, etc.

For example, according to one embodiment, the camera system recordsimages from both a camera pointed in the direction of travel of thevehicle as well as a camera pointed towards the interior of the vehicle.In some embodiments, the cameras capture images at regular intervals,for example, one frame every second or every other second, whereas inother embodiments, the cameras capture motion video at 15 frames persecond, 24 frames per second or 30 frames per second. In alternativeembodiments, the camera system stores video in a continuous loop on amemory or other standard data storage device, for example, a standard SDcard. As will be understood, other types of standard memory devices suchas hard drives, data storage, tape drives, etc. are contemplated by thecamera system. In alternative embodiments, the memory card, e.g., SDcard and the like, for the recording device is removable. The memorycard may be lockable to prevent theft or tampering with the data.

Video will continue to be captured, overwriting non-protected portionsof the memory until a recording event occurs such as the driveractivating a panic button, a g-force measured beyond a certain thresholdby an accelerometer in 3-axis, a g-force measured beyond a certainthreshold by an accelerometer in 2 axis, a sufficient bump is measuredby an accelerometer, excessive brake is measured by an accelerometer orother device connected to the vehicle braking system, speed exceeds acertain predetermined threshold, and the like. Audio and/or videocaptured in response to a recording event is stored for later review andwill not be overwritten by continuous loop recording until indicated byan individual with sufficient permissions, e.g., transportation manager.Captured video and/or audio recorded in response to a recording event,in alternative embodiments, is recorded on a separate part of the memorycard or alternatively a separate memory that cannot be over-writtenexcept by someone with additional permissions, e.g., transportationmanager. In some embodiments, video and/or audio captured before and/orafter the event is stored in a separate memory or protected area of thememory or marked as non-erasable to prevent its erasure. In someembodiments, the type of recording event, e.g., braking event,collision, etc., is stored along with the audio and/or video of therecording event to allow sorting of recordings at a later time.

In certain embodiments, the dual-vision system 200 is provided with abuilt-in standard GPS sensor, which can determine the location, speedand direction of the vehicle. In certain embodiments, the GPS locationof the vehicle is recorded along with the audio and/or video recorded ina continuous loop. In other embodiments, the GPS location is recordedonly when a recording event occurs. In alternative embodiments, the dualcamera system unit 200 can optionally connect directly to the windshieldor other location of the vehicle directly without the need of anadditional enclosure. For example, the slots/grooves on either the frontor back side can be used to connect/slide into any standard mountingunit for connection to the vehicle.

In alternative embodiments, an event counter is beneficially providedthat counts by each type of recording event in the aggregate and/orseparate counter for each type of event. The counter includes or isconnected to a display that displays either always or byrequest/actuation of a switch that optionally is only accessible to themanager for efficient determination whether the actual recording eventsshould be viewed by, e.g., the manager.

In alternative embodiments, an audible chime is included that makes anaudible sound and/or light indicator that illuminates if thevehicle/driver exceeds predetermined speed and/or for predeterminedrecording events such as excessive braking, and the like.

In alternative embodiments, a delay timer is included which allows thedevice to continue to capture video for a predetermined time after theignition is turned off. Alternatively, the system captures still framesat regular intervals (e.g. 15 or 30 sec) to see if anyone is in and/oraround the vehicle and/or captures video and/or still images when theignition is off and a motion detector is triggered to prevent theftand/or record events in the vicinity of the vehicle.

In alternative embodiments, when forward and backward cameras are used,either two separate cameras are provided on opposite sides of a mirror,such as a rearview mirror, one camera pointing forward and anotherpointing backward. In other embodiments, a single structure having twocameras integrated therein, one pointing forward and the second pointingbackward as described herein may be used.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the camera system isprovided with a housing containing two cameras, where each camera isdirected in opposite directions to capture images in the interior of avehicle and exterior of a vehicle. For example, referring to FIGS. 8aand 8b , one embodiment of the camera system is depicted. A dual-visionsystem 200 is shown, where a front housing 201 contains a first cameraopening 202 that allows a first camera 203 to be directed to the frontof the vehicle when dual-vision system 200 is mounted, for example,within a vehicle. A back housing 207 contains a second camera opening205 that allows a second camera 206 to be directed to the interior ofthe vehicle when the dual-vision system 200 is mounted within a vehicle.Either or both of first camera 203 and second camera 206 may bewide-angle, fixed focal length and/or zoom to allow various views fromthe cameras. Back housing 207 may optionally contain a microphoneopening 208 to enable recording audio within the vehicle duringoperation. Front housing 201 and back housing 207 may be composed of anysuitable material such as, for example, plastic, resin, metal, etc. Inalternative embodiments, the housing may be connected to the exterior ofthe vehicle and/or may be used for other applications besides connectionto the vehicle.

A light source 209 is provided that illuminates the interior of thevehicle during low lighting situations. In some embodiments, lightsource 209 is a replaceable standard infrared LED light source or otherstandard light source. Light source 209 can be provided with a clearprotective lens, which is easily replaceable, and can protect expensiveoptical elements that could be vandalized. According to someembodiments, the light source 209 automatically illuminates vehicleinterior in low light conditions. Light source 209 may alternativelyprovide illumination in a visible range, infrared range or both. Thelight source 209 can be compact and attachable without hardware, or itmay have a low profile, with fasteners required for assembly. Inembodiments wherein light source 209 provides illumination in aninfrared range, second camera 206 is supplied with at least one imagesensor capable of sensing light in the infrared range.

Mount 210 is optionally provided that connects dual-vision system 200 toa windshield, ceiling, mirror or dashboard. The housing attaches to thewindshield/ceiling mount via tooth mesh (similar to gears, except thereis no rotation permitted when the securing screw is tightened). Thehousing mount can be adjusted in reference to the mount by way of mounthinge 211 so that it always is in a vertical and/or predeterminedposition. The disclosed camera system provides significant advantages ofrecording, while not degrading the (sometimes) limited amount of openspace available for the driver to maintain maximum visibility throughthe windshield.

Referring to FIG. 9, an exploded view of a dual-vision camera system 200according to some embodiments of the invention is depicted. Light source209 is comprised of clear LED protective lens 212, LED circuit board213, LED backplate 214, one or more screws 215 and LED power jack 216.In some embodiments, protective lens 212 contains a filter to provideillumination in other light ranges such as, for example, infrared. Inoperation, LED circuit board may provide illumination in various lightranges such as, visible or infrared. Power jack 216 may be connected toan independent power source or may share a power source with othercomponents of system 200. Light source 209 can be a preassembledcomponent that snaps into housing back 207 or is received by an indentin housing back 207. In other embodiments, light source 209 is fixed tohousing back 207 by screws or rivets. In alternative embodiments, thelight source may be integrated with one or more of the cameras, may beseparately mounted to the housing and/or may include a plurality ofdifferent types of light sources directed in any number of directions.

Camera unit 220 contains first camera (not shown) and second camera 221.In various embodiments, camera unit 220 is provided with at least onemicrophone for recording audio in addition to the outputs of the camera.Camera unit 220 may advantageously be affixed, via for example, beingsnapped into one or both of housing back 207 and housing front 201, ormay be received by an indent in one or both of housing back 207 andhousing front 201. In other embodiments, camera unit 220 is fixed to oneor both of housing back 207 and housing front 201 by screws or rivets.Camera unit 220 is provided with power through power cable 224 and anoptional light source. In some embodiments, camera unit may be connectedto an independent power source, may include its own power source and/ormay share a power source with other components of system 200. Accordingto one advantage of the present invention, camera unit 220 is portableand a self-contained unit that may be advantageously be removed from thehousing to protect the camera unit, light source and/or memory fromtheft, tampering and/or vandalism. In other embodiments, camera unit 220and light source 209 may be advantageously removed from the housingtogether to provide portability and protection of the cameras, memory,processor, recording unit and/or LED circuit board 213.

Camera unit 220 of the present invention in at least one embodiment isconnected to the vehicle's ignition system to receive power. Inaccordance with this embodiment, the camera unit(s) will only start whenignition is turned on. In some embodiments, the camera unit(s) stopscapturing audio/video after a preset (user determined) interval orimmediately after ignition is turned off. In other embodiments, power tothe dual-camera system is provided through a cigarette lighter cord,standard 120V or 240V power cord, USB cord, or the like. In otherembodiments, the dual-camera system is hardwired into the electricalsystem of the vehicle.

In other embodiments, a rechargeable battery powers the system 200 andcamera unit 220. Camera unit 220 optionally operates (on battery power)even when it is not cradled in the housing, in case the driver needs tocapture audio/video outside the camera's normal field of vision (e.g.,vehicle body damage after a collision). Alternative power mechanismsand/or battery backup mechanisms may be used, and alternative proceduresfor starting and stopping recording of audio and/or video may beutilized.

Additionally, camera unit 220 is provided with means for recording theoutput of the cameras. For example, in some embodiments unit 220 isprovided with an internal hard drive, data storage device and/or otherstandard memory device to record the outputs of the cameras and optionalmicrophone. In various embodiments, the outputs of the cameras andoptional microphone are recorded instead of the fixed memory deviceand/or in addition to the fixed memory storage device, on removablemedia such as, for example, SD memory. In one embodiment, each of thefirst and second cameras are connected via 16-bit connection to acircuit board, and a memory device such as an SD card. Direct connectionenables the memory to receive the video and audio signals in theiroriginal digital format, and store it as such. As will be understood,the memory device may be removed from the housing to allow the contentsof the memory to be reviewed at another location. Further, theportability of the memory device protects it from theft and vandalism

An adjustment mechanism is provided that allows the angle of the housingto be changed relative to the surface to which the system 200 ismounted. Screws 222 are used to connect housing front 201 to mount 210.Pressure bushings 223 are provided such that sufficient clamping forceis used to prevent housing front 201 from loosening from the mount 210.Mount 210 may be adjusted to change the angle of the dual-vision system200 with respect to, for example, windshields or dashboards with variousslopes or angles while allowing the dual-vision system 200 to remainfixed in a vertical position.

FIG. 10 depicts a rear-view mirror and modular monitor assembly with thedual-vision camera system of FIGS. 8a-8b shown connected to an input inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments,the input feeds 141 of connection device 140 may be used to deliverrecorded video to the monitor display 121. In some embodiments, the oneor more monitors include wireless and/or blue toothreceivers/connections to receive the data wirelessly for display. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 10, pre-recorded video captured by thedual-vision camera system may be played back in the monitor display 121by plugging the camera system into an input feed 141, using the videoswitch 180 to select the corresponding input feed 141, and then causingthe dual-vision camera system to play the recorded video, which willthen output onto the monitor display 121. The use of the input feeds 141is not limited to the dual-vision monitor system. Rather, any suitablevideo-providing device may advantageously be coupled to an input feed141 and/or wireless connection for display on one or more monitors,including, for example, a digital video recorder, a portable computingdevice, additional cameras, etc. Any suitable connector may be used forthe input feed 141 and/or wireless connection to be connected to, orreleasably coupled to, the corresponding output of a video-providingdevice. In some embodiments, the vehicle operator is advantageouslyenabled to view an event/situation involving backup, opening a door,passenger/student behavior inside and/or outside a bus on the one ormore monitors.

In some embodiments, analogous to those discussed above, the monitordisplay 121 can be used as a Driver Information Center. In suchembodiments, the modular monitor 120 can be configured to accept datasignals and generate corresponding visual indicia on the monitor display121 for the driver's immediate information. For example, one or moredata signals indicating a vehicle malfunction (e.g., low oil,overheating, tire failure/underinflation, etc.), vehicle systemoperation and/or other data received and/or available to the driverand/or vehicle can serve as inputs into the modular monitor(s) 120,which then generates a corresponding visual indication on monitordisplay 121. Alternatively, an external system or data device thatgenerates video indicia of a warning condition can be coupled to one ormore of the input feeds 141 to generate a corresponding warningindication on the monitor display 121. In some embodiments, the one ormore monitors include wireless and/or blue tooth receivers/connectionsto receive the data wirelessly for display.

FIG. 11 depicts a screen view of review software which may be used inconjunction with a rear-view mirror and modular monitor input inaccordance with some embodiments of the invention. In some embodiments,rear-view mirror and modular monitoring system 100 and dual-visioncamera system 200 can be used in conjunction with the review software ona computer system. The review software as disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/608,600 cited above, and incorporated herein byreference, is as follows: Referring to FIG. 11, one embodiment of reviewsoftware 300 is depicted. As shown, windows 301 and 302 are provided toallow viewing of the video captured by a first camera and a secondcamera. As will be appreciated, additional cameras and associatedwindows may be provided for the system to allow captured video in otherdirections. Referring to FIGS. 13a and 13b , clicking on one of windows301 or 301 with a mouse temporarily enlarges the window to provide moredetail for review. A second click on an enlarged window returns thewindow to its original size. Referring again to FIG. 11, compass 303indicates the direction of travel of the vehicle during the portion ofvideo under review. Direction of travel of the vehicle may be determinedat the time of recording by one or more of a compass or a GPS receiver.GPS coordinate window 304 indicates the location of the vehicle atduring the portion of the video under review in longitude and latitude.The GPS coordinates can be determined at the time of recording by one ormore of a GPS receiver or dead reckoning device. Window 305 indicatesthe output of the 2-d or 3-d accelerometers and displays vehicle motionand any impact detected by the accelerometers graphically in 3-axis.Playback controls 306 allow a user to play, fast forward, rewind, playin slow motion and stop video playback of one or both camera videooutput. Playback controls also allow the user to change the playbackspeed of the video of one or both cameras. In addition, playbackcontrols 306 allow personnel to advance or reverse the video of one orboth of the cameras frame by frame. Controls also provide for volumeadjustment of associated audio recordings. Speedometer 307 indicates thespeed of the vehicle during the portion of video under review. Speed ofthe vehicle may be determined at the time of recording by one or more ofa vehicle speedometer or a GPS receiver. The file controls 308 allow afile to be opened, conversion of the file into AVI format (or otherappropriate file format), link the recorded data with a map, accessother system features, e.g., a system setup menu, exit or close thereview program and hide or close the review window(s).

FIG. 12 depicts an alternative embodiment of the review software of FIG.11 in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. Referring toFIG. 12, according to an alternative embodiment of the review software,a reviewer is able to simultaneously view video captured by one or bothcameras in addition to a map displaying the position of the vehicle atthe time the video was captured. The position of the vehicle isdetermined with an associated GPS receiver, which is recorded in memoryas described elsewhere in this disclosure. According to variousembodiments, the camera system is configured to work with third-partymapping software, for example, Google Earth™ that allows a user to viewpositions in satellite photos of the vehicle location.

FIGS. 13a-13b depict yet other alternative embodiments of the reviewsoftware of FIG. 11 in accordance with some embodiments of theinvention. Referring to FIGS. 13a and 13b , an embodiment of the reviewsoftware is depicted. The review software is advantageously configuredto allow a user to select a video window for enlargement so that a usermay inspect detail within the video. The user may select one or both ofthe video captured by the first camera or the second camera to beenlarged. The user may select the video for enlargement by clicking amouse or other indication peripheral device or by one or more keystrokeson a keyboard.

The many features and advantages of the invention are apparent from thedetailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claimsto cover all such features and advantages of the invention which fallwithin the true spirit and scope of the invention. Further, sincenumerous modifications and variations will readily occur to thoseskilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to theexact construction and operation illustrated and described, andaccordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resortedto, falling within the scope of the invention.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in itsapplication to the details of construction and to the arrangements ofthe components set forth in the following description or illustrated inthe drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of beingpracticed and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understoodthat the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purposeof description and should not be regarded as limiting.

As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception,upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basisfor the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carryingout the several purposes of the present invention. It is important,therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalentconstructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope ofthe present invention.

Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in theforegoing exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the presentdisclosure has been made only by way of example, and that numerouschanges in the details of implementation of the invention may be madewithout departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A mirror system for enhanced viewing by a vehicleoperator of areas within or exterior to a bus or transit vehiclecomprising: a rear-view mirror unit for a bus, truck or transit vehiclemounted forward of the vehicle operator, said rear-view mirror unitcomprises a first area having a first reflectivity and a second areahaving a second reflectivity, the first reflectivity and the secondreflectivity are not less than about 20%; a light sensor configured tosense an ambient light level and generate a corresponding electricsignal for automatically adjusting the brightness of a monitor modulepositioned to correspond to the first area; a plurality of image capturedevices mounted on the vehicle and configured to capture a plurality ofimages displayable through said rear-view mirror unit responsive to anautomatically selectable view, wherein the automatically selectable viewis displayable during a predetermined interval of time based on a stopsignal or stop completed signal; a video input switch configured to bechosen from a multiple-feed configuration providing a split video inputfrom the plurality of image capture devices; a delay timer enabling atleast one of the plurality of image capture devices to continue tocapture video for a predetermined time responsive to predeterminedcriteria enabling at least one of the plurality of image capture devicesto continue to capture video for the predetermined time responsive tothe predetermined criteria including the vehicle ignition being turnedoff; and an interior light source to automatically illuminate theinterior of the vehicle during low lighting situations in at least oneof a visible range or infrared range.
 2. A mirror system according toclaim 1, further comprising: at least one image storage deviceconfigured for storage of the at least one image transmitted by saidplurality of image capture devices; and a protective enclosure encasingthe plurality of image capture devices and the image storage device. 3.A mirror system according to claim 1, wherein the video input switch islocated on a dashboard of the bus or transit vehicle.
 4. A mirror systemaccording to claim 1, wherein the video input switch is configured toselect one or more video feeds from one or more cameras based upon oneor more optional triggering signals.
 5. A mirror system according toclaim 1, wherein the video input switch is further configured to provideat least one image responsive to a full mirror view.
 6. A mirror systemaccording to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first reflectivity andthe second reflectivity is approximately between 35% and 45%.
 7. Amirror system for enhanced viewing by a vehicle operator of areas withinor exterior to a bus or transit vehicle comprising: a rear-view mirrorunit for a bus, truck or transit vehicle mounted forward of the vehicleoperator, said rear-view mirror unit comprises an overall area ofsubstantially 6×30 with a first area having a first reflectivity and asecond area having a second reflectivity, the first reflectivity notless than about 20% and the second reflectivity not less than about 20%;one or more image capture devices mounted on the vehicle and configuredto capture one or more video feeds displayable through said rear-viewmirror unit responsive to at least one of an automatically selectableview or a manually selectable view, wherein the rear-view mirror unitdisplays multiple imaging feeds from the one or more video feedssimultaneously; a video input switch configured to be chosen from amultiple-feed configuration providing a split video input from theplurality of image capture devices; a delay timer enabling at least oneof the plurality of image capture devices to continue to capture videofor a predetermined time responsive to predetermined criteria enablingat least one of the plurality of image capture devices to continue tocapture video for the predetermined time responsive to the predeterminedcriteria including the vehicle ignition being turned off; and aninterior light source to automatically illuminate the interior of thevehicle during low lighting situations in at least one of a visiblerange or infrared range.
 8. A mirror system according to claim 7,wherein at least one of the first reflectivity and the secondreflectivity is approximately between 35% and 45%.
 9. A mirror systemaccording to claim 7, wherein at least one of the first reflectivity andthe second reflectivity is approximately between 30% and 55%.
 10. Amirror system according to claim 7, wherein at least one of the firstreflectivity and the second reflectivity is approximately between 29%and 54%.
 11. A mirror system according to claim 7, further comprising:at least one image storage device configured for storage of at least oneimage transmitted by one of the one or more image capture devices; and aprotective enclosure encasing at least one of the one or more imagecapture devices and at least one of the at least one image storagedevices.
 12. A mirror system according to claim 7, further comprising: afirst audio capture device mounted on the vehicle, wherein the firstaudio capture device is configured to capture a first audio signal; andat least one audio output device configured to provide the first audiosignal to the vehicle operator responsive to a first image beingdisplayed.
 13. A mirror system for enhanced viewing by a vehicleoperator of areas within or exterior to a bus or transit vehiclecomprising: a rear-view mirror unit for a bus, truck or transit vehiclemounted forward of the vehicle operator, said rear-view mirror unitcomprises an overall area of substantially 6×30 with a first area havinga first reflectivity and a second area having a second reflectivity, thefirst reflectivity not less than about 20% and the second reflectivitynot less than about 20%; a plurality of image capture devices mounted onthe vehicle and configured to capture a plurality of video feedsdisplayable through said rear-view mirror unit responsive to at leastone of an automatically selectable view or a manually selectable view,wherein the rear-view mirror unit displays the plurality of video feedssimultaneously; and a video switch configured to simultaneously selectthe plurality of video feeds from the plurality of image capture devicesbased upon one or more triggering signals comprising one or more of abackup signal, a signal from the transmission, a drive selector is movedto reverse or a stop-completed signal is generated when one or more of:a passenger door of the bus or transit vehicle is closed, when flashinglights of the bus or transit vehicle cease flashing or when gears of thebus or transit vehicle have changed from parked to forward or reverse; avideo input switch configured to be chosen from a multiple-feedconfiguration providing a split video input from the plurality of imagecapture devices; a delay timer enabling at least one of the plurality ofimage capture devices to continue to capture video for a predeterminedtime responsive to predetermined criteria enabling at least one of theplurality of image capture devices to continue to capture video for thepredetermined time responsive to the predetermined criteria includingthe vehicle ignition being turned off; and an interior light source toautomatically illuminate the interior of the vehicle during low lightingsituations in at least one of a visible range or infrared range.
 14. Amirror system according to claim 13, further comprising a motiondetector detecting motion in the vicinity of the vehicle, and whereinthe delay timer enables at least one of the plurality of image capturedevices to continue to capture video for the predetermined time atpredetermined intervals responsive to the predetermined criteriaincluding the vehicle ignition being turned off and triggering of themotion detector for recording events in the vicinity of the vehicle andto prevent theft.
 15. A mirror system according to claim 13, wherein atleast one of said plurality of image capture devices further comprises alight source including an Infrared (IR) Light Emitting Diode (LED)lighting for capturing images in low or no visibility without requiringa flash or other bright light source.
 16. A mirror system according toclaim 13, further comprising an exterior light source mounted to theexterior of the vehicle to enable at least one of the plurality of imagecapture devices to capture images in the vicinity of the vehicle.